Proposed New Requirements for Tax Return Preparers: Frequently Asked Questions
Posted 1/22/2010
What is the best estimate for when the new regulations will be implemented?
Sept. 1, 2010, is the current target date for an on-line registration system and Jan. 1, 2011, is the current target date for requiring all paid signing preparers to be registered and to use a Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN). Final determination of these dates is dependent on many factors and will be widely publicized as soon as available.
Testing will not be implemented until after registration and mandatory PTIN usage are in place.
How will the new regulations affect registered or licensed public accountants? Would they have to test?
In many states, a registered or licensed public accountant (LPA) has the same rights and privileges as a certified public accountant. Thus, an LPA in those states is eligible to practice before the IRS by virtue of their public accountant’s license and these individuals will not be required to pass the IRS' return preparer examination or satisfy the CPE requirements for tax return preparers.
The following is a non-exclusive list of states where a LPA has the same rights and privileges as a CPA: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Idaho, Maine, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, and West Virginia
LPAs in the following states do not have the same rights and privileges as a certified public accountant and, therefore, will be required to pass the IRS' return preparer examination and satisfy the CPE requirements for tax return preparers to prepare any federal tax return for compensation (unless the LPA is an attorney or enrolled agent): Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Oregon, and South Carolina
LPAs in other states should review the laws of the state in which they are licensed to determine whether they have the same rights and privileges as a certified public accountant.
In Minnesota we have Registered Public Accountants. These individuals are governed by the Minnesota Board of Accountancy, must register with the Board, pay a fee, and have continuing education requirements and ethics requirements. Will they have to test?
In general, a registered (or licensed) public accountant may practice before the IRS if the registered (or licensed) public accountant has the same rights and privileges as a certified public accountant under state law. Although the IRS has reviewed the laws of 29 states to determine if the registered (or licensed) public accountants in those states have the same rights and privileges as a CPA, Minnesota is not one of those 29 states. Accordingly, the registered public accountants in Minnesota should review their own state laws to determine whether they have the same rights and privileges as a CPA. until the Office of Professional Responsibility has an opportunity to formally consider whether Minnesota’s registered public accountants are qualified to practice as CPAs.
Will there be a distinction between enrolled agents and the new category of preparers who will be required to take the new competency test?
Yes. The practice of enrolled agents before the IRS will not be limited. The practice of the new category of preparers will be limited to preparing tax returns for compensation and representing taxpayers in Examination when the return under examination was a return that they prepared.
How will the conditions to practice before the IRS be changed by the new regulations? Currently tax practitioners that are not attorneys, certified public accountants, or enrolled agents have limited practice before the IRS.
The new category of preparers who pass the competency test will have the same limited practice rights that an unenrolled preparer currently has.
Will there be a new designation for preparers who pass the competency test?
Yes, more information regarding this new designation will be made available at a future date.
Will the testing be done by the same firm that administers the enrolled agent exam? Or will IRS be doing the testing?
The testing likely will be done by an external vendor(s). The vendor(s) is unknown at this time.
Will a CPA who keeps his or her license current but is considered inactive be subject to testing?
Yes. Only attorneys, certified public accountants, or enrolled agents who are active and in good standing with their respective licensing agencies are exempt from competency testing.
Will the tests be open book or resource assisted?
This has not been determined. Stay tuned to the IRS.gov Tax Professionals page for information on this issue.
The two competency tests are described as covering: 1) Wage & non business 1040 and 2) Wage and Small Business 1040. What does small business include? And how would this impact those who prepare other business returns?
For competency testing purposes, small business will include Form 1040 Schedules C, E, and F and various other 1040 related forms. Appendix I of the Return Preparer Review report contains a detailed list.
Even if they do not prepare 1040 returns, preparers of business returns who are not attorneys, certified public accountants, or enrolled agents will be required to pass the Wage and Small Business 1040 test.
The IRS plans to add a third test with regard to business tax rules after the three-year implementation phase is completed.
Will the recommendations apply to individuals who only prepare payroll or other non-1040 series returns?
All paid signing tax return preparers will be required to register. If the preparer is not an attorney, certified public accountant, or enrolled agent, the preparer will need to satisfy the competency test and continuing education requirements. The preparer will need to pass the complex test if they prepare business returns.
What is the required percentage to pass the competency test?
This has not been determined. Stay tuned to the IRS.gov Tax Professionals page for information on this issue.
Attorneys and certified public accountants in some states are not subject to continuing education requirements. Will this impact the application of the proposed IRS rules for those individuals?
No. The lack of continuing education requirements for attorneys or certified public accountants in a specific state will not impact the exception. All attorneys and certified public accountants will be exempt from IRS CE requirements.
However, as stated in the Return Preparer Review report, the IRS believes that all tax return preparers have an obligation to stay current on the tax laws and continuing education serves to help individuals remain current and to expand their knowledge within their field of expertise. Such courses are important to tax administration given the complexity of the tax laws and the frequent changes made to the Internal Revenue Code and the rules and regulations implemented to assist in the administration of the Code.
The IRS will consider requiring continuing professional education from additional individuals if data is collected in the future that identifies such a need. Additionally, the IRS plans to reach out to licensing authorities to encourage them to support annual continuing professional education that includes federal tax law topics and updates and ethics for those individuals who are licensed by them and who prepare federal tax returns.
Will individuals who are active attorneys, certified public accountants, or enrolled agents be required to register if they do not prepare or sign any tax returns?
Not unless they prepare for compensation and sign one or more federal tax returns.
Will Electronic Return Originators (EROs) who only transmit tax returns and do not prepare returns be subject to the new review recommendations?
Although individuals who assist in the transmission of tax returns electronically are subject to other IRS rules and regulations currently, individuals who assist in the transmission of tax returns electronically, but do not prepare returns for compensation, are not the focus of the recommendations in the report.
Will preparers who are registered by the states of California or Oregon (California Tax Return Preparers and Oregon Licensed Tax Preparers/Consultants) be exempt from testing and continuing education requirements?
Only attorneys, certified public accountants, and enrolled agents will be exempt from testing and continuing education requirements.
Who will be included in the public database of return preparers?
At a minimum, it will include the preparers who have passed the competency exam. Other information about who would be included is not yet available. Stay tuned to the IRS.gov Tax Professionals page for information on this issue.
What will happen to an unenrolled return preparer who registers with the IRS as a part of the initial registration of return preparers but does not pass the competency test within three years from the implementation date?
The IRS will contact them proposing to deactivate their PTIN and remove them from the list of registered preparers, as well as, explaining the appeals process.
Check back frequently for additional questions and answers to be posted.
